Original Article

A Prospective Cohort Study on Metamorphosis of Peptic Ulcer Dynamics

Insights into High Risk Paramedical Students Transformed Knowledge, Lifestyle and Symptoms Pattern

Abstract

Background:  This study explores the epidemiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) among resident students in Komarapalayam, India, with the aim of increasing awareness, identifying influential lifestyle factors, and assessing intervention effectiveness. Methods: A comprehensive nine-month prospective cohort study involving 404 paramedical students aged 17-28 was rigorously conducted. Data collection included a meticulously validated questionnaire, high-risk subgroup identification, and the implementation of educational interventions. Statistical analyses maintained a significance threshold at p ≤ 0.05. Results:  The study findings revealed a striking contrast. While the actual incidence of Peptic Ulcer Disease was lower than anticipated, the prevalence of prodromal symptoms was surprisingly high. This underscores the critical need for early symptom identification. Tailored educational interventions exhibited great promise in improving PUD comprehension. Lifestyle choices played a substantial role in susceptibility, with hostellers experiencing the highest PUD prevalence at 10.3%—the efficacy of symptom-based assessments extended beyond healthcare domains. Conclusion: This investigation underscores the urgency of early symptom recognition, personalized education, and proactive health-oriented choices to mitigate the onset of Peptic Ulcer Disease. It highlights the merit of symptom-based assessments and emphasizes the essential role of health education within tertiary institutions. This research catalyzes future initiatives aimed at enhancing the well-being of students in the context of Peptic Ulcer Disease.

Bayana E, Olani A, Biratu Y, et al. 2021. Peptic ulcer disease: a cross-sectional study of symptoms and risk factors among students at Jimma University, Ethiopia. Gastrointestinal Nursing. 19(2):36-40. doi: https://www.magonlinelibrary.com/journal/gasn [Accessed 2024 Aug 23].

Brook RA, Kleinman NL, Choung RS, et al. 2010. Functional dyspepsia impacts absenteeism and direct and indirect costs. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 8:498-503. doi: https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Gastroenterology+%26+Hepatology-c-MD90 [Accessed 2024 Aug 23].

Debruyne LK, Pinna K, Whitney E. 2016. Nutrition and Diet Therapy. 9th ed. Boston, USA: Cengage Learning; 2016. p. 480.

Dunlap JJ, Patterson S. 2019. Peptic ulcer disease. Gastroenterol Nurs. 42(5):451-454. doi: https://journals.lww.com/gastroenterologynursing/pages/default.aspx [Accessed 2024 Aug 23].

Eniojukan JF, Okonkwo OC, Adje UD. 2017. Risk factors, management and other correlates of peptic ulcer disease in a university community in south-south Nigeria. UK Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biosciences Journal. 5(6):07-15. doi: http://pharmabiosciencejournal.com/ [Accessed 2024 Aug 23].

Tandon RK, et al. 1989. Prevalence of peptic ulcer in India: An endoscopic and epidemiological study in urban Kashmir. Gut. 30(7):930-934. doi: https://gut.bmj.com/ [Accessed 2024 Aug 23].

Bhatia SJ, et al. 2016. Indian consensus on gastroesophageal reflux disease in adults: A position statement of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology. BMC Gastroenterol. 16:42. doi: https://bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/ [Accessed 2024 Aug 23].

Arisa N, Anaemene D, Mekwunye W. 2020. Assessment of overweight, obesity and the dietary habits of undergraduate students of Lagos State University. Eur J Nutr Food Saf. 12(5):25-34. doi: https://journalejnfs.com/ [Accessed 2024 Aug 23].

Onoh CC, Aguocha JA, Osuagwu IK, et al. 2017. Magnitude and pattern of disease presentation among students in Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria. IOSR J Dent Med Sci. 16(3):116-121. doi: https://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jdms.html [Accessed 2024 Aug 23].

Zibima SB, Oniso JI, Wasini KB, et al. 2020. Prevalence trends and associated modifiable risk factors of peptic ulcer disease among students in a university community South-South Nigeria. Int J Health Sci Res. 10(6):97-105. doi: https://www.ijhsr.org/ [Accessed 2024 Aug 23].

Ray-Offor E, Opusunju KA. 2020. Current status of peptic ulcer disease in Port Harcourt metropolis, Nigeria. Afr Health Sci. 20(3):1446-1451.

Kainat S, Bahisht R, Sana N, et al. 2020. Determinants of peptic ulcer disease: A systematic review. EAS J Nutr Food Sci. 2(5):257-264.

Ogunmodede JA, Bojuwoye MO, Olokoba AB, et al. 2016. Self-reported symptoms of uninvestigated dyspepsia among university staff in Ilorin, Nigeria. Res J Health Sci. 4(4):296-303.

Lanas A, Chan FK. 2017. Peptic ulcer disease. Lancet. 390(10094):613-624.

Lau JY, Sung JJ, Metz DC, Howden CW. 2008. Systematic review of the epidemiology of complicated peptic ulcer: incidence, recurrence, risk factors and mortality. Gastroenterology. 134(Suppl 1):A32.

Lim SL, Canavarro C, Zaw MH, et al. 2013. Irregular meal timing is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection and gastritis. ISRN Nutr. 2013:714970. doi: 10.1155/2013/714970

Narayanan M, Reddy KM, Marsican JE. 2018 [corrected year, assuming recent publication]. Peptic ulcer disease and Helicobacter pylori infection. Missouri Medicine. [Journal name and volume/issue number needed if available]

Anaemene DI, Ochogu EU. 2021. Prevalence, symptoms and lifestyle aspects of peptic ulcer disease among undergraduate students of a Nigerian university. Afr J Biomed Res. 25(2). doi: 10.4314/ajbr.v25i2.3

Hussen BM, Qader SS, Ahmed HF, Ahmed SH. 2013. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori among university students in Iraq. Indian J Sci Technol. 6(8):5019-5023.

Koroush S, Hamed T. 2016. Systematic review and meta-analysis: Prevalence of peptic ulcer in Iran. Govaresh. 20(4):258.

Files
IssueVol 10 No 2 (2024) QRcode
SectionOriginal Article(s)
DOI https://doi.org/10.18502/jppm.v10i2.16833
Keywords
Keywords: Early symptoms Peptic Ulcer Disease Incidence Educational interventions.

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
1.
Selvaraj E, Rijo W B, S A, G R, Prakasam A. A Prospective Cohort Study on Metamorphosis of Peptic Ulcer Dynamics. JPPM. 2024;10(2):27-36.